Page Factory is an implementation of Page Object Model in Selenium. It provides:
- ✓
@FindByannotation to declare web elements - ✓
PageFactory.initElements()method to initialize all elements annotated with@FindBy
Benefits over plain POM:
- ✓Cleaner, annotation-based syntax
- ✓Elements are lazily initialized (looked up when first used)
- ✓No need to write
driver.findElement(By...)repeatedly
Full Page Factory example:
Java
public class SamplePage {
WebDriver driver;
@FindBy(id = "search")
WebElement searchTextBox;
@FindBy(name = "searchBtn")
WebElement searchButton;
// Constructor
public SamplePage(WebDriver driver) {
this.driver = driver;
// initElements method initializes all @FindBy elements
PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);
}
// Sample method
public void search(String searchTerm) {
searchTextBox.sendKeys(searchTerm);
searchButton.click();
}
}
Using the page in a test:
Java
SamplePage page = new SamplePage(driver);
page.search("Selenium WebDriver");
Other @FindBy locator strategies:
Java
@FindBy(xpath = "//button[@type=''submit'']")
@FindBy(css = ".btn-primary")
@FindBy(linkText = "Click Here")
@FindBy(tagName = "input")